What is biometrics in the context of data protection?

Biometrics in the context of data protection refers to the use of unique physical characteristics for user authentication, making option B the correct choice. This method leverages distinctive traits such as fingerprints, facial recognition, iris patterns, and voice recognition to confirm a user's identity.

The advantage of biometric authentication is that it is fundamentally tied to the individual, which makes it difficult for unauthorized users to gain access. Unlike passwords or tokens, which can be lost, stolen, or forgotten, biometric traits are inherent to the person, providing a more secure authentication mechanism.

In contrast, the other options do not focus on unique physical characteristics. Third-party security systems often involve additional layers of technology but do not inherently authenticate based on biometrics. Two-factor authentication enhances security by requiring more than one form of verification but can include methods such as passwords and codes sent to devices, rather than relying on a biological characteristic. Lastly, employing complex passwords increases security but does not involve biometrics at all. Therefore, biometrics stands out as a specific and unique form of authentication within the realm of data protection.